Symbolism of the Four Tempters representing different aspects of Becket's conflict in "Murder in the Cathedral"

 

Introduction

In T.S. Eliot's play "Murder in the Cathedral," the four tempters who visit Thomas Becket symbolize different aspects of his internal conflict and the challenges he faces in the pursuit of his spiritual and moral convictions.

First Tempter - Temptation of Physical Safety: 

   The first tempter offers Thomas the temptation of physical safety and preservation. He suggests that by compromising his principles and cooperating with King Henry II, Thomas can ensure his own safety and well-being. This temptation represents the external pressure and threat of harm that Becket faces, urging him to prioritize his personal security over his commitment to the church.

Second Tempter - Temptation of Power and Political Influence: 

   The second tempter presents the allure of political power and influence. This temptation appeals to Thomas's previous experience as Chancellor and suggests that he can regain political authority by aligning himself with the king. The temptation reflects the worldly desire for power and recognition, challenging Becket to reconsider his commitment to a life of spiritual devotion and service.

Third Tempter - Temptation of Popular Approval: 

   The third tempter offers the temptation of popularity and admiration from the common people. This figure suggests that by compromising with the king, Thomas can gain the approval and love of the masses. This temptation touches upon the human desire for recognition and affection, testing Becket's resolve to withstand the allure of worldly acclaim in favor of divine purpose.

Fourth Tempter - Temptation of Martyrdom and Spiritual Pride:

   The fourth tempter presents the subtle temptation of spiritual pride and martyrdom. This figure suggests that by allowing himself to be martyred, Thomas can achieve a higher level of spiritual glory and pride. This temptation challenges Becket to examine his motivations and resist the allure of martyrdom for personal aggrandizement rather than as a true sacrifice for the divine.

Conclusion

In essence, these four tempters embody the multifaceted challenges and conflicts faced by Thomas Becket. The temptations represent the external and internal pressures that seek to divert him from his commitment to spiritual principles and moral integrity. Becket's ultimate decision to embrace martyrdom underscores his unwavering dedication to his faith and principles despite the enticing temptations presented by the world.